Bullen Companies Fined for Hiding Toxic Chemical Records from EPA
Pennsylvania cleaning products manufacturer failed to maintain required records on glycol ether processing for three consecutive years, concealing information communities need to know about toxic chemical exposure risks.
The Bullen Companies, a Pennsylvania specialty cleaning products manufacturer, repeatedly violated federal toxic chemical reporting laws from 2019 through 2021. The company processed more than 25,000 pounds of glycol ethers annually but failed to maintain legally required records documenting whether hundreds of other raw materials exceeded reporting thresholds. During a March 2023 EPA inspection, the company could not produce any records supporting its chemical reporting determinations, effectively hiding information that communities have a legal right to know. The EPA assessed an $11,949 civil penalty.
This case shows how inadequate penalties allow corporations to treat recordkeeping violations as a minor cost of doing business rather than a serious threat to public safety.
The Allegations: A Breakdown
| 01 | The Bullen Companies failed to prepare or make available any records of toxic chemical activities for calendar years 2019 through 2021, despite processing hundreds of raw materials at its Folcroft, Pennsylvania facility. The company could produce records only for certain glycol ethers, leaving the community in the dark about the full scope of toxic chemical processing at the plant. | high |
| 02 | The company violated federal recordkeeping requirements by failing to retain data supporting threshold determinations for each toxic chemical processed at the facility. This three-year pattern of missing documentation prevented regulators and the public from verifying whether the company properly reported its toxic chemical activities. | high |
| 03 | The Bullen Companies processed more than 25,000 pounds of glycol ethers annually at its facility during each year from 2019 through 2021, triggering mandatory reporting requirements under the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act. Glycol ethers are classified as toxic chemicals with potential health hazards. | high |
| 04 | The company failed to maintain records supporting its eligibility to use simplified Form A reporting for glycol ethers in 2019, 2020, and 2021. Without proper documentation, the company could not prove it met the alternate threshold requirements that would have justified the simplified reporting method it chose to use. | high |
| 05 | During the March 28, 2023 EPA Compliance Evaluation Inspection, The Bullen Companies could not present records that should have been retained for at least three years from the date of each annual report submission. This failure violated specific requirements in 40 C.F.R. Section 372.10 governing recordkeeping for toxic chemical reporting. | medium |
| 06 | The company operates a production plant classified under Standard Industrial Classification code 2842 for Specialty Cleaning, Polishing, and Sanitation Preparations. This classification places the facility squarely within industries required to report toxic chemical usage to protect communities and workers from exposure risks. | medium |
| 07 | The Bullen Companies neither admitted nor denied the specific factual allegations but waived its right to contest the allegations and appeal the Final Order. This approach allowed the company to settle quickly without addressing the underlying systematic failures in its chemical management practices. | medium |
| 08 | The EPA found that the missing records spanned the entire three-year period despite the company having historically processed hundreds of raw materials at the facility. The scale of the recordkeeping failure suggests either deliberate cost-cutting or gross negligence in establishing basic compliance systems. | high |
| 01 | The Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act requires facilities that process toxic chemicals above threshold quantities to submit detailed reports by July 1 of the following year. The Bullen Companies’ recordkeeping failures undermined this entire transparency framework, leaving communities without the information they need to assess local chemical hazards. | high |
| 02 | Federal regulations at 40 C.F.R. Section 372.10 specifically require facility operators to retain records for three years documenting whether each toxic chemical exceeds reporting thresholds. The Bullen Companies violated these explicit requirements for three consecutive reporting years without producing any alternative documentation. | high |
| 03 | The EPA’s enforcement approach focused on procedural recordkeeping violations rather than documented environmental contamination or public health impacts. This regulatory emphasis on paperwork rather than actual harm demonstrates how companies can escape serious consequences even when concealing critical chemical information. | high |
| 04 | The civil penalty of $11,949 was calculated using the EPA’s Enforcement Response Policy for Section 313 of EPCRA, inflation adjustments, and statutory penalty factors. However, this modest penalty amount appears insufficient to deter future violations by a company that processes thousands of pounds of toxic chemicals annually. | medium |
| 05 | The Consolidated Rules of Practice allowed the EPA to simultaneously commence and resolve this administrative proceeding through a consent agreement. This streamlined process enabled a quick settlement but prevented deeper investigation into whether the recordkeeping failures concealed more serious environmental or safety violations. | medium |
| 06 | The EPA Regional Judicial Officer issued the Final Order on January 10, 2024, approximately nine months after the March 2023 inspection that uncovered the violations. The relatively swift resolution may reflect agency priorities but also demonstrates how quickly companies can move past accountability proceedings. | low |
| 01 | The Bullen Companies chose not to invest in comprehensive record management systems for tracking hundreds of raw materials processed at its facility. This decision reduced operational costs but violated federal requirements designed to protect public health and ensure community awareness of toxic chemical risks. | high |
| 02 | The company employed ten or more full-time employees during the violation period but apparently did not allocate resources for proper toxic chemical recordkeeping. This staffing decision prioritized production operations over compliance with environmental transparency requirements. | medium |
| 03 | By failing to maintain required records, The Bullen Companies avoided the administrative burden and potential public scrutiny that comes with complete toxic chemical reporting. The financial penalty of $11,949 represents a small fraction of the costs the company saved by not implementing proper documentation systems. | high |
| 04 | The company continued processing glycol ethers and hundreds of other raw materials throughout the three-year violation period without pausing operations to establish compliant recordkeeping systems. This operational continuity suggests the company prioritized uninterrupted production over regulatory compliance. | medium |
| 05 | The Bullen Companies submitted Form A reports using alternate threshold eligibility criteria but could not produce documentation supporting this eligibility. This approach suggests the company may have strategically used simplified reporting methods without maintaining the backup records required to justify that choice. | high |
| 06 | The consent agreement required the company to certify current compliance but imposed no ongoing monitoring requirements or mandatory improvements to recordkeeping systems. This limited remedy allows the company to return to normal operations without demonstrating systematic reforms to prevent future violations. | medium |
| 01 | Residents of Folcroft, Pennsylvania and surrounding Delaware County communities were denied access to complete information about toxic chemical processing at The Bullen Companies facility located at 1640 Delmar Drive. The Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act specifically aims to provide communities this information for emergency planning and risk awareness. | high |
| 02 | The missing records prevented local emergency planners from accurately assessing the full scope of hazardous materials present at the facility. This information gap could compromise emergency response effectiveness if a chemical release, fire, or other incident occurred at the plant. | high |
| 03 | Community members had no way to verify whether The Bullen Companies processed additional toxic chemicals beyond the glycol ethers the company reported. The recordkeeping violations concealed the true extent of chemical hazards in a facility processing hundreds of raw materials annually. | high |
| 04 | Glycol ethers, the chemical the company did report, are classified as toxic substances with potential health hazards. The facility processed more than 25,000 pounds annually, yet residents remained unaware of what other potentially dangerous chemicals were being handled in their community due to the documentation failures. | medium |
| 05 | The facility operates in Folcroft, a community where residents depend on accurate toxic chemical reporting to make informed decisions about property purchases, health risks, and community safety. The three-year period of inadequate recordkeeping denied them this basic right to know what hazards existed nearby. | medium |
| 06 | Local environmental justice advocates and community groups had no basis to challenge or verify The Bullen Companies’ reporting because the required underlying documentation simply did not exist. This record gap effectively silenced community oversight and participation in environmental protection. | medium |
| 01 | The Bullen Companies employed ten or more full-time employees who worked at the facility during the period when the company failed to maintain proper toxic chemical records. These workers potentially faced exposure to substances whose presence and quantities were not properly documented or disclosed. | high |
| 02 | Workers at chemical processing facilities rely on accurate recordkeeping to understand the hazards they face on the job. The absence of comprehensive documentation for hundreds of raw materials meant employees may have lacked complete information about the toxic substances they handled daily. | high |
| 03 | The facility’s specialty cleaning products manufacturing operations involve processing glycol ethers and numerous other raw materials. Without proper records, workplace safety assessments, exposure monitoring, and health protection measures could not be adequately verified or audited. | medium |
| 04 | Federal right-to-know laws protect workers as well as communities by ensuring transparent reporting of toxic chemical usage. The Bullen Companies’ recordkeeping failures undermined this worker protection framework for three consecutive years without any indication the company notified employees of the documentation gaps. | medium |
| 01 | The Bullen Companies agreed to pay an $11,949 civil penalty but admitted no wrongdoing beyond jurisdictional consent. The company waived its right to appeal while neither admitting nor denying the specific factual allegations, allowing it to settle without acknowledging the full scope of its recordkeeping failures. | high |
| 02 | The consent agreement requires only that the company certify current compliance and pay the modest fine. The settlement imposes no mandatory audits, no third-party oversight, no public reporting of corrective measures, and no mechanisms to verify the company has actually fixed its recordkeeping systems. | high |
| 03 | The EPA reserved rights to pursue future violations but took no action to require systematic reforms or ongoing monitoring of The Bullen Companies’ toxic chemical documentation practices. This limited enforcement approach fails to address the root causes that enabled three years of recordkeeping failures. | medium |
| 04 | The $11,949 penalty amounts to approximately $3,983 per violation year for a company that processes tens of thousands of pounds of toxic chemicals annually. This per-year penalty is likely far less than the cost of implementing and maintaining comprehensive chemical tracking and recordkeeping systems. | high |
| 05 | The company certified current compliance with the violations alleged in the consent agreement but provided no evidence of systematic improvements or investments in recordkeeping infrastructure. Without verification requirements, communities have no assurance that similar documentation failures will not recur. | medium |
| 06 | The Final Order resolves only the specific civil penalty claims for the 2019-2021 violations. The EPA’s reservation of rights to pursue other violations or emergency actions provides little concrete protection for communities concerned about ongoing operations at the facility. | medium |
| 07 | The consent agreement includes standard provisions about delinquent debt collection, interest, and payment processing but no provisions requiring public disclosure of corrective actions or community notification about how the company will prevent future violations. This omission perpetuates the information gap that harmed the community in the first place. | medium |
| 01 | Glycol ethers, the toxic chemical category the company did report, are known to present potential health hazards. The facility processed more than 25,000 pounds of these substances annually, yet the missing records for hundreds of other raw materials prevented full assessment of cumulative health risks from the plant’s operations. | high |
| 02 | The Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act treats toxic chemical information as essential for protecting public health. By failing to maintain required records for three years, The Bullen Companies denied health officials, researchers, and medical professionals access to data needed to assess potential exposure pathways and health impacts. | high |
| 03 | Specialty cleaning products manufacturing involves numerous chemical substances that may pose inhalation, skin contact, or environmental contamination risks. Without comprehensive documentation of what chemicals were present in what quantities, public health agencies could not conduct meaningful risk assessments for nearby populations. | high |
| 04 | The three-year documentation gap coincided with ongoing facility operations that exposed workers and potentially nearby residents to chemical releases through normal operations and any unreported incidents. The absence of records makes it impossible to retrospectively assess whether public health was actually protected during this period. | medium |
| 05 | The consent agreement requires no public health assessment, no medical monitoring for exposed populations, and no retrospective analysis of what chemicals were actually present at levels that should have been reported. Communities are left with no answers about what they were exposed to from 2019 through 2021. | medium |
| 01 | Comprehensive toxic chemical recordkeeping requires staff time, database systems, documentation protocols, and ongoing maintenance. The Bullen Companies avoided these costs for three years by simply not maintaining the required records, creating a direct financial incentive for non-compliance. | high |
| 02 | The $11,949 civil penalty represents less than $2,000 per violation count and only about $4,000 per violation year. This modest financial consequence means the company likely saved more money by avoiding recordkeeping costs than it paid in penalties for getting caught. | high |
| 03 | Property values, insurance rates, and economic development in communities can be affected by the presence of facilities processing large quantities of toxic chemicals. The recordkeeping failures prevented accurate assessment of chemical hazards that could have influenced economic decisions by residents and businesses near the Folcroft facility. | medium |
| 04 | The consent agreement requires payment within 30 days but imposes no restrictions on the company’s operations, no fines payable to affected communities, and no requirements to fund independent environmental monitoring or public health studies. All financial consequences flow to the federal treasury rather than providing direct compensation to harmed parties. | medium |
| 05 | The company produces specialty cleaning products, an industry where competitive cost pressures create incentives to minimize compliance expenses. The inadequate penalty in this case sends a market signal that recordkeeping violations carry minimal financial risk compared to the costs of full compliance. | high |
| 01 | The Bullen Companies executed the consent agreement through company president Scott Jarden on November 29, 2023, settling all claims before the case could proceed to a contested hearing or generate additional public scrutiny. This quick settlement strategy minimized publicity about the violations. | medium |
| 02 | The company expressly waived its right to contest the allegations and appeal the Final Order, accepting the predetermined penalty without any public explanation of how the recordkeeping failures occurred or what systemic problems enabled three years of violations. | medium |
| 03 | The consent agreement includes standard language that the document will be publicly available but contains no requirement for the company to issue public statements, notify nearby residents, or explain corrective actions. This silence allows the company to avoid broader reputational damage beyond the administrative record. | medium |
| 04 | By neither admitting nor denying the specific factual allegations, The Bullen Companies preserved its ability to characterize the settlement as a procedural matter rather than an admission of substantive environmental or safety violations. This legal posture protects the company’s public image despite documented recordkeeping failures. | medium |
| 01 | The Bullen Companies case demonstrates how inadequate penalties and limited enforcement allow corporations to treat recordkeeping violations as acceptable business costs rather than serious threats to public safety. An $11,949 fine for three years of concealing toxic chemical information sends the wrong message about the importance of environmental transparency. | high |
| 02 | Federal right-to-know laws depend entirely on accurate recordkeeping to function. When companies fail to maintain required documentation for hundreds of chemicals over multiple years, the entire transparency framework collapses, leaving communities, workers, and emergency planners in the dark about hazards they have a legal right to understand. | high |
| 03 | The settlement provides no mechanism for communities to learn what they were actually exposed to during the three-year violation period. Residents of Folcroft and surrounding areas will never know what toxic chemicals were processed at levels that should have been reported but were not documented. | high |
| 04 | This case exemplifies a broader pattern where procedural violations receive minimal punishment even when they undermine fundamental public health protections. Until penalties exceed the cost savings from non-compliance and until settlements require verifiable systemic reforms, companies will continue to treat recordkeeping requirements as optional. | high |
| 05 | The rapid settlement timeline, modest penalty, and absence of ongoing oversight requirements allowed The Bullen Companies to quickly move past this enforcement action without addressing the root causes of its compliance failures. True corporate accountability requires more than payment of a fine and a certification of current compliance. | medium |
| 06 | Communities and workers deserve better than a regulatory system that responds to three years of concealed toxic chemical information with a four-figure fine and no requirements for transparency about corrective actions. Meaningful reform must prioritize public access to information and impose consequences substantial enough to change corporate behavior. | high |
Timeline of Events
Direct Quotes from the Legal Record
“At the time of the CEI, Respondent failed to prepare or make available to the inspector any records of its TRI chemical activities for calendar years 2019-2021, other than for certain glycol ethers, despite hundreds of raw materials being processed, and having historically been processed, at the Facility.”
💡 This statement confirms the company had no documentation for the vast majority of chemicals it processed, preventing any verification of compliance with reporting requirements.
“At the time of the CEI, Respondent violated 40 C.F.R. § 372.10(a)(3)(ii) and 40 C.F.R. § 372.10(c), because it could not present, and therefore failed to retain for a period of 3 years from the date of the submission of its 2019 report under § 372.30, any records supporting a determination of whether a threshold under § 372.25 applies for each toxic chemical processed at the Facility.”
💡 The EPA explicitly found the company violated specific recordkeeping regulations that require three years of documentation for every toxic chemical threshold determination.
“At the time of the CEI, Respondent failed to prepare or make available to the inspector any records or data supporting applicability of the alternate threshold as specified under § 372.27(a) and, thereby, the eligibility of its 2019 submission of Form A for certain glycol ethers, as required by 40 C.F.R. § 372.10(d)(2)-(3).”
💡 Even for the one chemical category the company did report, it failed to maintain proof that it qualified to use the simplified reporting method it chose.
“Respondent processed more than 25,000 pounds of glycol ethers at the Facility during each of calendar year 2019 through 2021.”
💡 This confirms the facility processed substantial quantities of toxic chemicals that trigger federal reporting requirements designed to protect public health.
“Glycol ethers is a ‘toxic chemical’ as defined in EPCRA §§ 313(c) and 329(10), 42 U.S.C. §§ 11023(c) and 11049(10), 40 C.F.R. § 372.3, and listed as a ‘toxic chemical’ category in 40 C.F.R. § 372.65(c).”
💡 Federal law specifically classifies the primary chemical the company processed as toxic, underscoring the public health importance of accurate reporting and recordkeeping.
“EPCRA Section 313(a), 42 U.S.C. § 11023(a), requires the owner or operator of any facility that, in any calendar year, manufactures, processes or otherwise uses a toxic chemical listed under EPCRA Section 313(c), 42 U.S.C. § 11023(c), in quantities exceeding a regulatory threshold established under EPCRA Section 313(f), 42 U.S.C. § 11023(f), to complete and submit a toxic chemical release inventory report (i.e., ‘Form R’ or ‘Form A’) for each such listed toxic chemical.”
💡 This establishes that the reporting requirements exist specifically to inform communities about toxic chemical processing that could affect their health and safety.
“The civil penalty is based upon EPA’s consideration of a number of factors, including the penalty criteria (‘statutory factors’) set forth in EPCRA § 325(b)(l)(C), 42 U.S.C.§ 11045(b)(l)(C), which include the seriousness of the violation and any good faith efforts to comply with the applicable requirements.”
💡 Despite considering seriousness of violations and compliance efforts, the EPA assessed a penalty of less than $12,000 for three years of systematic recordkeeping failures.
“Except as provided in Paragraph 5, above, Respondent neither admits nor denies the specific factual allegations set forth in this Consent Agreement.”
💡 The settlement allowed the company to resolve six violation counts without admitting the underlying facts, protecting its public reputation despite documented failures.
“For purposes of this proceeding only, Respondent hereby expressly waives its right to contest the allegations set forth in this Consent Agreement and Final Order and waives its right to appeal the accompanying Final Order.”
💡 The company agreed to accept the penalty without any judicial review, avoiding the public scrutiny of a contested hearing or appeals process.
“Respondent certifies to EPA, upon personal investigation and to the best of its knowledge and belief, that it currently is in compliance with regard to the violations alleged in this Consent Agreement.”
💡 The company only certified current compliance without providing evidence of systematic reforms or explaining how it corrected the recordkeeping failures that lasted three years.
“This Consent Agreement and Final Order resolves only EPA’s claims for civil penalties for the specific violations alleged against Respondent in this Consent Agreement and Final Order. EPA reserves the right to commence action against any person, including Respondent, in response to any condition which EPA determines may present an imminent and substantial endangerment to the public health, public welfare, or the environment.”
💡 While EPA reserved rights to pursue future violations, the settlement imposed no ongoing monitoring or reporting requirements to prevent recurrence of recordkeeping failures.
“Respondent agrees not to deduct for federal tax purposes the civil penalty assessed in this Consent Agreement and Final Order.”
💡 This provision prevents the company from treating the penalty as a deductible business expense, but the small penalty amount minimizes the impact of this restriction.
“During calendar years 2019 through 2021, the Facility had an SIC code of 2842, corresponding to Specialty Cleaning, Polishing, and Sanitation Preparations.”
💡 The facility’s industrial classification places it squarely within categories required to report toxic chemical usage due to the nature of chemical processing involved in cleaning product manufacturing.
“Respondent is a corporation formed under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and is a person as defined in Section 329(7) of EPCRA, 42 U.S.C. § 11049(7).”
💡 The company’s corporate status means it has legal obligations as a person under environmental law and can be held accountable for violations.
“By signing this Consent Agreement, Respondent acknowledges that this Consent Agreement and Final Order will be available to the public and represents that, to the best of Respondent’s knowledge and belief, this Consent Agreement and Final Order does not contain any confidential business information or personally identifiable information from Respondent.”
💡 The settlement is public record, but the agreement contains no requirement for the company to proactively notify affected communities about the violations or corrective actions.
Frequently Asked Questions
EPA source for this story: https://yosemite.epa.gov/OA/RHC/EPAAdmin.nsf/Filings/C997011CDF4A6A7385258AA000581FBD/$File/The%20Bullen%20Companies_EPCRA%20313%20CAFO_Jan%2010%202024.pdf
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